A Comprehensive Review of Medicinal Plants Exhibiting Anti-Diabetic Properties

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder marked by persistent high blood sugar levels, primarily resulting from excessive hepatic glucose production, reduced insulin secretion, or impaired insulin function. Globally, approximately 60% of the population relies on traditional medicines sourced from medicinal plants. In India, diabetes has emerged as a major health concern, especially in urban settings. Despite the availability of various therapeutic strategies to manage diabetes and its complications, herbal remedies are favored due to their minimal side effects, low toxicity, affordability, and effectiveness. This review highlights several medicinal plants with proven anti-hyperglycemic properties. Nevertheless, further pharmacological and chemical studies are warranted to clarify the precise mechanisms underlying their hypoglycemic effects.